Norwood valved Sano shunt: Early reward versus late penalty?

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome: the report of a surgical strategy and comparative results of Norwood x Norwood-Sano approach.

OBJECTIVES To report a surgical strategy for the Norwood procedure in the hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) that enables short hypothermic circulatory arrest time and aortic arch reconstruction with autologous pericardium patch. To compare the results of the modified Blalock-Taussig (mBT) shunt and the right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit procedures as the source of pulmonar...

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance of pulmonary artery growth and ventricular function after Norwood procedure with Sano modification

For hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), there have been concerns regarding pulmonary artery growth and ventricular dysfunction after first stage surgery consisting of the Norwood procedure modified with a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit. We report our experience using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to determine and follow pulmonary arterial growth and ventricular functi...

Early Starters Versus Late Beginners

We consider a model of wage formation characterized by two features: learning and downward rigidity. We show that wages should exhibit a \late beginner" property: controlling for the wage at date t, the wage at date (t+1) should be negatively correlated with the wage at date (t-1). We test this property on a sample of about 1000 executives of a French state-owned rm whose careers we observe for...

Does the shunt type determine mid-term outcome after Norwood operation?

OBJECTIVES With improved short-term outcomes the right ventricular to pulmonary artery shunt (Sano) has become the preferred pulmonary blood source in the Norwood procedure in many centres. However, most studies analysed consecutive cohorts, with a first modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (BT) followed by the Sano cohort. Besides, neither comprehensive preoperative risk analysis nor outcome beyond ...

ST segment depression after Norwood/systemic-pulmonary artery shunt.